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4.1. Electromagnetic induction

The action of an electrical transformer is the simplest instance of wireless energy transfer. The primary and secondary circuits of a transformer are electrically isolated from each other. The transfer of energy takes place by electromagnetic coupling through a process known as mutual induction. (An added benefit is the capability to step the primary voltage either up or down.) The electric toothbrush charger is an example of how this principle can be used. The main drawback to induction, however, is the short range. The receiver must be in very close proximity to the transmitter or induction unit in order to inductively couple with it.

Applications

* The electric toothbrush battery charger
* The induction cooker stovetop

It can be argued the cookware part of an induction cooker is not a secondary in the strictest sense of the term. It is more accurately described as the non-laminated core of an alternating-current electromagnet, in which eddy currents are induced resulting in the heating effect.

* Transcutaneous energy transfer (TET) systems in artificial hearts like AbioCor and other surgically implanted devices.
* Devices using induction to charge portable consumer electronics such as cell phones.